<p>Shiv Nadar University is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, research-focused, and student-centric University offering a full range of academic programs at the undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral level. With state-of-the-art infrastructure, the University comprises of academic wings, sophisticated labs, international standard sports facilities, amphitheaters, auditorium, conference rooms and smart classrooms. The University&rsquo;s goal is to become internationally recognized for the quality of its research and creative endeavors and their applicability to improving quality of life, generating new insights and expanding the boundaries of human knowledge creativity. Committed to excellence in teaching, research and service, the University aims to serve the higher education needs of India and the world beyond.</p>

Shiv Nadar University

(SoNS) School of Natural Sciences

Natural products from medicinal plants have always attracted a lot of attention due to their diverse and interesting therapeutic properties. We have employed the principles of green chemistry involving isomerization, coupling and condensation reaction to synthesize a class of compounds derived from eugenol, a naturally occurring bioactive phytophenol. The compounds were characterized structurally by 1 H-, 13 C-NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analysis. The purity of compounds was detected by HPLC. The synthesized compounds exhibited anti-cancer activity. A 10–12-fold enhancement in efficiency of drug molecules (~ 1 µM) was observed when delivered with graphene oxide (GO) as a nanovehicle. Our data suggest cell death via apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner due to increase in calcium levels in specific cancer cell lines. Interestingly, the benzoxazine derivatives of eugenol with GO nanoparticle exhibited enhanced therapeutic potential in cancer cells. In addition to anti-cancer effect, we also observed significant role of these derivatives on parasite suggesting its multi-pharmacological capability. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Life Sciences

Chemistry

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

Integrative natural medicine inspired graphene nanovehicle-benzoxazine derivatives as potent therapy for cancer

The proteostasis network (PN) comprises a plethora of proteins that are dedicated to aid in protein folding and maintenance; some with overlapping functions. Despite this, there are multiple pathophysiological states associated with depletion of chaperones. This is counter-intuitive, assuming cells have the ability to re-program transcriptional outputs in accordance with its proteostasic limitations. Here, we have used S. cerevisiae to understand how cells respond to different types of proteostasis impairments. We monitored the proteostasis status and transcriptome of single deletions of fourteen different Protein Quality Control (PQC) genes. In most cases, cellular response did not activate proteostasis components or pathways that could either complement the function of the missing PQC gene or restore proteostasis. Over-expression of alternate machineries could restore part of the proteostasis defect in two representative PQC gene deletion strains. We posit that S. cerevisiae inherently lacks the ability to sense and respond optimally to defects in proteostasis caused due to deletion of specific PQC components. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

World University root node

Fulltext

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

Cellular responses to proteostasis perturbations reveal non-optimal feedback in chaperone networks

Herein, flower-shaped hydrophilic superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoclusters (IONCs) are synthesized via one-pot thermolysis of iron acetylacetonate using triethanolamine (TEA) and diethylene glycol (DEG)/tetraethylene glycol (TTEG) mixtures at 9:1, 8:2 and 7:3 (v/v) ratios. The as-prepared 24–29 nm sized IONCs have displayed (i) saturation magnetization (Ms) values of ~68–78 emu/g, (ii) hydrodynamic diameters of ~95–192 nm and (iii) zeta potential values of +46 to +65 mV. Due to relatively high magnetization and water solubility, IONCs (prepared using 8:2 TEA:DEG, and 8:2 &amp; 7:3 TEA:TTEG ratios) based aqueous ferrofluids i.e. NCAFF-1, NCAFF-2, and NCAFF-3 are investigated by calorimetric magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) at 0.5–8 mg/ml concentrations by exposing them to the alternating magnetic fields (AMFs, H*f ~2.4–9.9 GA m−1 s−1). The NCAFF-3 has demonstrated excellent time dependent temperature rise (42 °C within 0.7–9.7 min) as compared to the NCAFF-1 and NCAFF-2. Moreover, the NCAFF-3 at 0.5 mg/ml concentration has exhibited enhanced heating efficacies with specific absorption rate (SAR) and intrinsic loss power (ILP) values of 142.4–909.4 W/gFe and 4.2–14.7 nHm2/kg, respectively. Furthermore, the NCAFF-3 has presented better cytocompatibility, and substantially reduced proliferation capacity of HepG2 cancer cells in in vitro MFH studies. Thus, the IONCs based ferrofluids (NCAFF-3) are very promising candidates for MFH therapeutics applications. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

Journal of Molecular Liquids

One-pot synthesis of hydrophilic flower-shaped iron oxide nanoclusters (IONCs) based ferrofluids for magnetic fluid hyperthermia applications

<p>Biofilm related bacterial infection is one of the primary causes of implant failure. Limiting bacterial adhesion and colonization of pathogenic bacteria is a challenging task in health care. Here, a highly simplistic processing technique for imparting antibacterial properties on a biomedical grade stainless steel is demonstrated. Low-temperature high strain-rate deformation achieved using submerged friction stir processing resulted in a nearly single phase ultra-fine grain structure. The processed stainless steel demonstrated improved antibacterial properties for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, significantly impeding biofilm formation during the in vitro study. Also, the processed stainless steel showed better compatibility with human fibroblasts manifested through apparent cell spreading and proliferation. The substantial antibacterial properties of the processed steel are explained in terms of the favorable electronic characteristics of the metal-oxide and by using classical Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) and the extended DLVO (XDLVO) approach at the cell–substrate interface. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group.</p>

Mechanical Engineering

(SoE) School of Engineering

Biofouling

Enhanced antibacterial properties and the cellular response of stainless steel through friction stir processing

In this paper, we introduce and study some strongly almost convergent double sequence spaces by Riesz mean associated with four-dimensional bounded regular matrix and a Musielak-Orlicz function over n-normed spaces. We make an effort to study some topological and algebraic properties of these sequence spaces. We also study some inclusion relations between the spaces. Finally, we establish some relation between weighted lacunary statistical sequence spaces and Riesz lacunary almost statistical convergent sequence spaces over n-normed spaces. © 2018 World Scientific Publishing Company.

Mathematics

Asian-European Journal of Mathematics

Almost strongly Orlicz double sequence spaces of regular matrices and their applications to statistical convergence

We introduce new classes of generalized Orlicz-Garling sequences and Orlicz-Lorentz sequences by using a sequence of Orlicz functions and difference operator. We show that the Orlicz-Garling sequence space admits a unique 1-subsymmetric basis and a 1-dominated block basic sequence in g(M, Δ ( m ), v, p). We also make an effort to prove that every symmetric normalized block Orlicz-Garling sequence dominates an Orlicz-Lorentz sequence. Finally, we study some geometric properties of these spaces and establish some inclusion relations between spaces. © 2018, The Author(s).

Journal of Inequalities and Applications

Orlicz-Garling sequence spaces of difference operator and their domination in Orlicz-Lorentz spaces

Wildlife corridors are components of landscapes, which facilitate the movement of organisms and processes between intact habitat areas, and thus provide connectivity between the habitats within the landscapes. Corridors are thus regions within a given landscape that connect fragmented habitat patches within the landscape. The major concern of designing corridors as a conservation strategy is primarily to counter, and to the extent possible, mitigate the effects of habitat fragmentation and loss on the biodiversity of the landscape, as well as support continuance of land use for essential local and global economic activities in the region of reference. In this paper, we use game theory, graph theory, membership functions and chain code algorithm to model and design a set of wildlife corridors with tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) as the focal species. We identify the parameters which would affect the tiger population in a landscape complex and using the presence of these identified parameters construct a graph using the habitat patches supporting tiger presence in the landscape complex as vertices and the possible paths between them as edges. The passage of tigers through the possible paths has been designed using an Assurance game, with tigers as an individual player. The game is recursively played as the tiger passes through each grid considered for the model. The iteration causes the tiger to choose the most suitable path signifying the emergence of adaptability. As a nominal explanation of the game, we design this model through the interaction of tiger with the parameters as deterministic finite automata, for which the transition function is obtained by the game payoff. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018.

Communications in Computer and Information Science

A computational approach for designing tiger corridors in India

Typical eigenstates of quantum systems, whose classical limit is chaotic, are well approximated as random states. Corresponding eigenvalue spectra are modeled through an appropriate ensemble described by random matrix theory. However, a small subset of states violates this principle and displays eigenstate localization, a counterintuitive feature known to arise due to purely quantum or semiclassical effects. In the spectrum of chaotic systems, the localized and random states interact with one another and modify the spectral statistics. In this work, a 3×3 random matrix model is used to obtain exact results for the ratio of spacing between a generic and localized state. We consider time-reversal-invariant as well as noninvariant scenarios. These results agree with the spectra computed from realistic physical systems that display localized eigenmodes. © 2018 American Physical Society.

Physics

Physical Review E

Exact distribution of spacing ratios for random and localized states in quantum chaotic systems

In the present paper we characterize the compact, invertible, Fredholm and closed range weighted composition operators on Cesàro function spaces. We also make an effort to compute the essential norm of weighted composition operators. © 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

Analysis (Germany)

Essential norm of weighted composition operators

We investigate here the structural phase transformation and electrical resistive switching properties of TiO 2 thin films (80 nm) after their self-ion implantation with 50 keV Ti + ions at several fluences. UV-Raman, grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXRD), transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy techniques have been utilized to investigate the modifications in thin films. Both, the as-grown and ion implanted, films display mixed phases of rutile (R) and anatase (A). Surprisingly, however, a phase transition from A to R is observed at a critical fluence, where some anatase content transforms into rutile. This A to R transformation increases with additional fluence. The critical fluence found by GIXRD is slightly smaller ( 1 × 10 13 ions/cm 2) than from UV-Raman ( 1 × 10 14 ions/cm 2), indicating the first initiation of phase transformation probably in bulk. All the films contain anatase in nanocrystalline form also and the phase transformation seems to take place via aggregation of anatase nanoparticles. Thin films also show the presence of oxygen vacancies (O V) Ti 3 +, whose number grows with fluence. These O V as well as thermal spikes created during Ti + ion implantation are also crucial for the A-R transition. After implantation at the highest fluence, TiO 2 thin films show bipolar resistive switching behavior. The development of conducting filaments, formed by the migration of many oxygen vacancies generated during ion implantation, can be responsible for this behavior. © 2018 Author(s).