Chemical Engineering

<p>Shiv Nadar University is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, research-focused, and student-centric University offering a full range of academic programs at the undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral level. With state-of-the-art infrastructure, the University comprises of academic wings, sophisticated labs, international standard sports facilities, amphitheaters, auditorium, conference rooms and smart classrooms. The University&rsquo;s goal is to become internationally recognized for the quality of its research and creative endeavors and their applicability to improving quality of life, generating new insights and expanding the boundaries of human knowledge creativity. Committed to excellence in teaching, research and service, the University aims to serve the higher education needs of India and the world beyond.</p>

Shiv Nadar University

Heads are one of the important accessories to pressure vessels and heat exchangers. The end of the vessels are closed by means of the heads before putting them into operation. The common types in use are: ellipsoidal, spherically dished (torispherical), and flat head. This paper describes a computer program which has been written in Fortran for the design of the types of various heads. For the flat heads, both the ASME Code formulas and the TEMA formula are used when a pass partion groove is present and the higher value is used. For the flat heads without pass partion groove ASME Code is followed. The program has been organized into a MAIN program and three subroutines (COVER, FLTCOV and HEAD). The flow charts for the MAIN program and the subroutines are given.

World University root node

(SoE) School of Engineering

Hydrocarbon Processing

COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR PRESSURE VESSEL HEAD DESIGN.

This work deals with energy conservation in the petroleum refineries. These refineries produce usable products from the crude and, in the process, consume large amounts of energy in the form of fuel, steam and electricity. They also provide a great opportunity to save energy since the present level of energy consumption is approximately 7 multiplied by 10**5 BTU vertical bbl compared to a theoretical value of 7 multiplied by 10**4 BTU vertical bbl arrived at by thermodynamic analysis. The authors look at some of the important developments made in this field, integrate them all together and calculate a conservative value for the expected energy savings. As an example, a refinery processing 100,000 bbld crude has been taken as the basis. 45 refs.

Chemical Age of India

POTENTIAL FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION IN PETROLEUM REFINERIES.

In fixed tubesheet exchangers, the temperature differential between the shell and the tubes causes differential thermal expansion. Since the tubes are not free to move, severe stresses are induced in the tubes unless a provision is made to accommodate this expansion, especially in the case of high temperature units. The flanged and fluid expansion joint, installed on the shell side of a fixed tubesheet exchanger, accommodates this thermal expansion. This joint falls under the category of ring expansion joints and is commonly used. This paper describes the Fortran computer program which designs and analyzes flanged and flued exchanger expansion joints. The working of the program has been tested by analyzing the expansion joints and comparing theoretical results with those obtained from practice.

COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR FLANGED AND FLUED EXPANSION JOINTS.

Vessel parts are weakened when material is removed to provide nozzle openings. The stress concentration is high at the edge of the opening and decreases with distance from it becoming negligible beyond twice the diameter of the opening. These openings require compensation or reinforcement to avoid vessel failure in those regions due to high stress concentration. This can be done either by increasing the entire shell thickness, or by using a self-reinforcing nozzle. This paper is concerned with the CAD of reinforcing nozzle.

COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR NOZZLE OPENING REINFORCEMENT DESIGN.

This paper describes the Fortran program which first selects optimum bolt size and then performs the flange design. Several different flange types can be accommodated. The program has been organized into a MAIN program and four subroutines (STRESS, FACTSF, FACTFV, SOLVE) as shown in Fig. 1. The flow chart for the MAIN program is given in Fig. 2.

COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR FLANGE DESIGN.

Letters in Heat and Mass Transfer

Further experiments of transient swelling during pool boiling

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Experiments on solidification with natural convection in a rectangular enclosed region

An analysis is carried out for the solidification in a rectangular enclosure whose top and bottom surfaces are kept adiabaticand sides are kept at a constant temperature. The transient effects of solidification accompanied by natural convection have been studied in detail. The governing equations are written for the temperature, vorticity, stream function and velocity in the melt along with the heat conduction equations through the solid and the mold. The non-linear coupled equations have been non-dimensionalized and solved with the aid of the Alternating Direction Implicit finite difference method. The velocity profiles in the melt, and the temperature distribution in the melt, the solid and the mold are shown. Isotherms and streamlines in the melt are plotted for different Rayleigh numbers. The dependence of the melt-solid interface movement upon various non-dimensional parameters, such as Rayleigh number (5 × 102-5/s 105 Prandtl number (0.1-100), aspect ratio (1.1-5.5), Stefan number (0.5-10) and a parameter indicating the effect of superheat (0.67-2.33) are also studied. © 1982.