Center for Environmental Sciences & Engineering

<p>Shiv Nadar University is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, research-focused, and student-centric University offering a full range of academic programs at the undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral level. With state-of-the-art infrastructure, the University comprises of academic wings, sophisticated labs, international standard sports facilities, amphitheaters, auditorium, conference rooms and smart classrooms. The University&rsquo;s goal is to become internationally recognized for the quality of its research and creative endeavors and their applicability to improving quality of life, generating new insights and expanding the boundaries of human knowledge creativity. Committed to excellence in teaching, research and service, the University aims to serve the higher education needs of India and the world beyond.</p>

Shiv Nadar University

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Indian Journal of Forestry

Effect of altitude and age of Chir pine stands on litter production in mid hills of Himachal Pradesh.

Fluorine is a highly reactive common element that does not occur in nature in the elemental state. It exists in the form of fluorides and accounts for about 0.3 g/kg of the Earth’s crust. Generally, it is found in the form of a number of minerals like fluorspar, cryolite and fluor-apatite. Fluoride has both positive and negative effects on individual health. Fluoride, in the form of fluorspar and cryolite is distributed extensively in the lithosphere, and is renowned as the thirteenth most common among elements in the earth’s crust. Hydrogen fluorides in gaseous form accumulate in the leaves of generally sensitive plants against a concentration gradient and therefore, considered as a most phytotoxic air pollutant and affects plants at extremely low concentration. As per our study, it is found that the fluoride impacts on fauna are in normal condition, but in coming times it may have adverse impact on fauna and flora of surroundings of Hindalco Industries Limited. © 2014, Geofizicki Zavod. All rights reserved.

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Geofizika

Fluoride-induced impact of aluminium industrial power plant on plants and human inhabiting areas [Utjecaj fluorida proizvedenih aluminijskim industrijskim postrojenjem na biljke i područja nastanjena ljudima]

In the present study we have taken the urban area of Jind District of the Haryana state. The study has been done on the basis of Design Standards and Methodology formulated in "National Urban Information System" (NUIS) scheme by "Standing Committee on Urban Management" (SC-U) under the "Ministry of Urban Development" (MOUD), in 2006.The major objective of NUIS scheme is to design, organize and establish a comprehensive information system and the study area, materials and methodology designs standard have been discussed. Urban planners require information related to the spatial information within time frame. Remote sensing and GIS along with collateral data help of analysis the LU/LC mapping. In the present study conduct high resolution data (Quick Bird and Resources Sat-1 LISS IV and other side secondary data census of India 2011. The result conceded of the study area highest agricultural land covered by 71.31% which is optimised through RS and GIS based. Image classification scheme LU/LC going to be Level IV and the resulted shown Level II 19 categories identify of the study area. The study areas occupy 9365.80 ha-1 lands and out of 17.48 % taken urban built up land. © 2006-2014 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).

ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

Appraisal of suitability for urban planning and expansion analysis using quick bird satellite data

Fluoride-induced impact of aluminium industrial power plant on plants and human inhabiting areas

Palaeoworld

Exploratory palynological analysis of Quaternary lacustrine deposits around Damavand volcano, Northern Iran

Hyperspectral sensors record radiances in a large number of wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum and can be used to distinguish different tree species based on their characteristic reflectance signatures. Reflectance spectra were measured from airborne hyperspectral AISA Eagle/Hawk imagery in order to identify different Mediterranean tree species at a coastal test site in Portugal. A spectral range from 400 to 2450 nm was recorded at 2-m spatial resolution. The hyperspectral data are divided into five spectral data ranges. The chosen ranges for segmentation are based on statistical properties as well as on their wavelengths, as radiances of a particular wavelength may overlap with neighboring wavelengths. Principal component analysis (PCA) is applied individually to each spectral range. The first three principal components (PCs) of each range are chosen and are fused into a new data segment of reduced dimensionality. The resulting 15 PCs contain 99.42% of the information content of the original hyperspectral image. These PCs were used for a maximum likelihood classification (MLC). Spectral signatures were also analyzed for the hyperspectral data, and were validated with ground data collected in the field by a handheld spectro-radiometer. Different RGB combinations of PC bands of segmented PC image provide distinct feature identification. A comparison with other classification approaches (spectral angle mapper and MLC of the original hyperspectral imagery) shows that the MLC of the segmented PCA achieves the highest accuracy, due to its ability to reduce the Hughes phenomenon. © 2014 IEEE.

IEEE Sensors Journal

Mapping tree species in coastal portugal using statistically segmented principal component analysis and other methods

The effect of Pd-WO3-SiO2 nanocomposite on the electrochemical behavior of Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) is investigated. The Pd-WO3-SiO2 is made from tungstic acid sol followed by sonication with palladium linked 3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane sol. The homogenized sol is then allowed to form gel under ambient conditions and calcinated at 600 C. PBNPs sol is made as described earlier [Electrochimica Acta. 87 (2013) 1-8] and mixed with Pd-WO3-SiO2 followed by sonication and drying at 65 C. The resulting Pd-WO3-SiO 2-PB shows average size to the order of 85 nm as characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The nanocomposite shows excellent peroxidase mimetic and electrocatalytic behavior for H2O2 analysis and experimental finding justified the following conclusions; (1) WO3 and Pd-WO3-SiO2 gradually improve the catalytic efficiency of PBNPs, (2) WO3, Pd-WO3-SiO2 and Pd-WO3-SiO2-PB shows peroxidase mimetic behavior having catalytic efficiency in the order of Pd-WO3-SiO2-PB &gt; Pd-WO3-SiO2 &gt; WO3, (3) Pd-WO 3-SiO2-PB nanocomposite exhibits excellent electrocatalytic property for H2O2 sensing with catalytic rate constant to the order of 7.5 × 104 M-1 s -1 (4) HRP-modified Pd-WO3-SiO2-PB shows 7 fold enhanced analytical sensitivity as compared to that of Pd-WO 3-SiO2-PB system. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.

Electrochimica Acta

Studies on electrochemical and peroxidase mimetic behavior of Prussian blue nanoparticles in presence of Pd-WO3-SiO2 Nanocomposite; Bioelectro-catalytic sensing of H2O2

Large scale urbanization has resulted in greater withdrawals of shared waters and this withdrawal has been largely dependent on the hegemony of the riparian's. The last few decades has seen the upward surge of many countries in terms of development as well as hegemony. Existing structures of established water sharing framework typically evaluate only parameters related to historic water use such as historic water demand and supply, contribution to flow, and hydrology. Water conflicts and cooperation is affected by various issues related with development and hegemony. Characterization and quantification of development and hegemony parameters is a very complex process. This paper establishes a novel approach to predict river basins at risk; the approach addresses the issue of water conflict and cooperation within a methodologically more rigorous predictive framework. Fuzzy synthetic evaluation technique is used in this paper to undertake the risk assessment of international transboundary rivers. In this paper the fuzzy domain of risk consists of two fuzzy sets - hegemony and development, indices of which are developed with the help of fuzzy synthetic evaluation techniques. Then the compositional rule-base is framed to ascertain the fuzzy risk. This fuzzy risk can be further used to prioritize all the international river basins which can help in the identification of potentially high risk basins. Risk identification of international river basins is not only scientifically valuable, but also practically highly useful. Identifying those basins that are likely to be particularly prone to conflict or cooperation is of high interest to policy makers. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.

Journal of Hydrology

Risk assessment for transboundary rivers using fuzzy synthetic evaluation technique

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCEMENT IN REMOTE SENSING, GIS AND GEOGRAPHY

GIS MODELING APPROACH FOR FOREST FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT

While phosphotyrosine modification is an established regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes, it is less well characterized in bacteria due to low prevalence. To gain insight into the extent and biological importance of tyrosine phosphorylation in Escherichia coli, we used immunoaffinity-based phosphotyrosine peptide enrichment combined with high resolution mass spectrometry analysis to comprehensively identify tyrosine phosphorylated proteins and accurately map phosphotyrosine sites. We identified a total of 512 unique phosphotyrosine sites on 342 proteins in E. coli K12 and the human pathogen enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7, representing the largest phosphotyrosine proteome reported to date in bacteria. This large number of tyrosine phosphorylation sites allowed us to define five phosphotyrosine site motifs. Tyrosine phosphorylated proteins belong to various functional classes such as metabolism, gene expression and virulence. We demonstrate for the first time that proteins of a type III secretion system (T3SS), required for the attaching and effacing (A/E) lesion phenotype characteristic for intestinal colonization by certain EHEC strains, are tyrosine phosphorylated by bacterial kinases. Yet, A/E lesion and metabolic phenotypes were unaffected by the mutation of the two currently known tyrosine kinases, Etk and Wzc. Substantial residual tyrosine phosphorylation present in an etk wzc double mutant strongly indicated the presence of hitherto unknown tyrosine kinases in E. coli. We assess the functional importance of tyrosine phosphorylation and demonstrate that the phosphorylated tyrosine residue of the regulator SspA positively affects expression and secretion of T3SS proteins and formation of A/E lesions. Altogether, our study reveals that tyrosine phosphorylation in bacteria is more prevalent than previously recognized and suggests the involvement of phosphotyrosine-mediated signaling in a broad range of cellular functions and virulence. {\textcopyright} 2013 Hansen et al.