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Shiv Nadar University

(SoNS) School of Natural Sciences

Let M be a complex manifold and let PM C∞([0, 1], M) be space of smooth paths over M. We prove that the induced almost complex structure on PM is weak integrable by extending the result of Indranil Biswas and Saikat Chatterjee of [Geometric structures on path spaces, Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys. 8(7) (2011) 1553-1569]. Further we prove that if M is smooth manifold with corner and N is any complex manifold then induced almost complex structure ℑ on Fréchet manifold C∞(M, N) is weak integrable. © 2013 World Scientific Publishing Company.

Mathematics

International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics

Almost complex structure on path space

This article describes synthesis, characterization and properties of blends of benzoxazine (Bz) monomers, i.e., m-alkylphenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzoxazine (Bz-C), 6,6′-(propane-2,2-diyl)bis(3-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzoxazine (Bz-A) and 3-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzoxazine-p-carboxylic acid (Bz-pA). Binary blends of Bz-C with Bz-pA, and Bz-A with Bz-pA were prepared by first synthesizing Bz-C or Bz-A followed by the addition of all the ingredients of Bz-pA. In a similar manner, ternary blends of Bz-C, Bz-A and Bz-pA were prepared by first synthesizing Bz-C and subsequent addition of all the ingredients of Bz-A and Bz-pA in one pot. The Bz monomer blends were characterized by 1H-NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The temperature of onset of curing (T o), due to ring-opening polymerization of Bz was found to decrease significantly by incorporation of carboxyl groups (Bz-pA) showing thereby the catalytic effect of acid functionality. Bz polymers showed good thermal stability and incorporation of Bz-pA in blends resulted in a highly cross-linked network. The interlaminar shear strength of glass fabric reinforced composites and the lap shear strength of metal-metal joints using these resin blends was also investigated. © 2012 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.

Chemistry

World University root node

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry

Blends of benzoxazine monomers: Effect of structure and composition on polymer properties

Vertically aligned few layered graphene (FLGs) nanoflakes were synthesized by microwave plasma deposition for various time durations ranging from 30 to 600 s to yield graphene films of varying morphology, microstructure and areal/edge density. Their intrinsic electrochemical properties were explored using Fe(CN)6 3-/4- and Ru(NH3)6 3+/2+ redox species. All the FLG electrodes demonstrate fast electron transfer kinetics with near ideal ΔEp values of 60-65 mV. Using a relationship between electron transfer rate and edge plane density, an estimation of the edge plane density was carried out which revealed a moderation of edge plane density with increase in growth time. The pristine FLGs also possess excellent electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline solutions. This ORR activity can be further enhanced by exposing the pristine FLGs to nitrogen electron cyclotron resonance plasma. The metal free N-doped FLGs exhibit much higher electrocatalytic activity towards ORR than pristine FLGs with higher durability and selectivity than Pt-based catalysts. The excellent electrochemical performance of N-doped FLGs is explained in terms of enhanced edge plane exposure, high content of pyridinic nitrogen and an increase in the electronic density of states. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Physics

Fulltext

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry

Electrochemical and oxygen reduction properties of pristine and nitrogen-doped few layered graphene nanoflakes (FLGs)

A series of four novel n-type molecules has been synthesized. Unlike previous approaches, the end group of these molecules was fixed and the molecular core was varied. The resulting materials were thoroughly analyzed. Electronic properties were derived from photoemission spectroscopy, optical properties were derived with the help of optical spectroscopy, and the structure of thin films on Au(111) was derived by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). In addition, prototypical organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) (forming n-channels in OFETs) have been fabricated and tested. The correlation between the device performance of the respective OFETs (i.e., electron mobility) and their electronic as well as structural properties was investigated. It turned out that a combination of beneficial electronic and structural properties provides the best results. These findings are important for the design of new materials for future device applications. © 2013 American Chemical Society.

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Band gap tunable N-type molecules for organic field effect transistors

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and fine needle non-aspiration cytology (FNNAC) technique were studied in 144 patients of thyroid lesions. The study was single blind and prevented observation bias. The smears were assessed for cellularity, cellular dilution with blood or clot and retention of appropriate architecture. They were then further categorised as unsuitable, adequate, and diagnostically superior for cytological evaluation. After evaluation of FNAC and FNNAC on the basis of these scores, FNAC yielded more cellular material than FNNAC (p < 0.001). In a similar manner FNAC has higher average score for background blood (p < 0.001) than FNNAC. However there was no statistical difference in average architecture score. Both the techniques yielded equal diagnostically unsuitable smears (H" 12%). Diagnostically superior samples were more by FNAC; FNNAC yielded more diagnostically adequate smears.

Life Sciences

Journal, Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine

Comparison of aspiration versus non-aspiration technique of cytodiagnosis in thyroid lesions

The study was designed to evaluate the genetic variability for fruit quality in mango progenies. The fruit quality traits of F1 progenies were evaluated on the basis of morphological and biochemical parameters. The results showed the existence of genetic variability among progenies with differences in the progeny performance for the traits. Value of phenotypic coefficients of variation was higher than genotypic coefficients of variation but minimum difference was noticed between them. Comparatively high degree of genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) along with phenotypic coefficients of variation was observed in quality traits like, fruit weight, fruit volume, pulp: stone ratio and total carotenoids. High to moderate broad-sense heritability was estimated for different fruit quality traits. High magnitude of broad-sense heritability was recorded in traits like, fruit weight (0.82), fruit volume (0.80), total carotenoids (0.97), ascorbic acids (0.83), stone width (0.71) and fruit length (0.70). Moderate degree of heritability was noted in traits, viz., titratable acidity (0.58), fruit width (0.62), stone length (0.68), stone thickness (0.62), peel thickness (0.53) and total soluble solids (0.69). High heritability along with high genetic advance was estimated for fruit weight and fruit volume. Genetic parameters estimated for fruit quality traits of mango may be useful to formulate pre-selection criteria and efficient breeding strategies of mango for development of new hybrids.

Indian Journal of Horticulture

Estimation of genetic parameters of fruit quality traits in mango hybrid population

Holocene is the youngest Epoch/Series in the recent Geological Time Scale which spans to the present. This is the only formal chronostratigraphic division in the geological time-scale whose boundary (the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary) is defined climatostratigraphically in an ice core in contrast to other Phanerozoic Epoch boundaries which have been defined biostratigraphically in the sedimentary rock record. The base of the Holocene is fixed in the North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) ice-core record at the horizon showing the clearest signal of climatic warming, an event that marks the end of the last cold episode (Younger Dryas Stadial/Greenland Stadial 1) of the Pleistocene in calendar years, the base of the Holocene would be close to 11,700 yrs BP (Before Present refers to before 1950 CE). Till date, there have been no proposals to formally subdivide the Holocene Epoch/Series into smaller intervals and as a result , casual usage of "early", "middle" and "late Holocene" has been much prevalent. In this chapter, we propose that in the absence of any significant faunal events in marine as well as the terrestrial records, like its base, the subdivisions of the Holocene be made chronometrically with a climatostratigraphic bias and should roughly correspond to major climate change in the North Atlantic. The North Atlantic climate changes have also been found to affect the strength of the Asian Monsoon. We propose that the Holocene be subdivided into an Early, Middle and Late Holocene based on the major changes in North Atlantic climate, e.g., Bond events. The boundaries may correspond roughly to the Bond Events which mark significant change in the thermohaline circulation and thus would be possible to determine in the marine records worldwide. This will also to a great extent minimize the problem of casual usage of the early, middle and late terms as adjective to Holocene. © 2013 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.

Holocene: Perspectives, Environmental Dynamics and Impact Events

Holocene: Definition and current stratigraphic status in the geological time scale

Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most destructive diseases causing extensive yield loss throughout the world. The present study deals with identification of stress responsive genes in susceptible rice cultivar HR 12 after challenge with M. oryzae. Transcript profiling using the Affymetrix 57 K GeneChip revealed a total of 72 differentially expressed genes whose expression level was significantly altered under diseased condition. Molecular function enrichment analysis suggested that the differentially regulated genes were mainly related to protein degradation and modification, cell signalling and stressrelated mechanisms. Our study reveals that majority of the genes of protein degradation and modification, transport, signalling and transcription factors are repressed at the initial stages of interaction. The host genes that were induced in response to pathogen infection included hormonal signalling, cell wall defense and transcription factors belonging to the WRKY super family. This study would be helpful in identification of early induced genes in pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMP)-Triggered Immunity.

Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding

Identification of differentially expressed genes in rice during its early phases of interaction with magnaporthe oryzae

North American Journal of Medical Sciences

Verrucous carcinoma on the helix of pinna

RVB1/RVB2 (RuvBL1/RuvBL2 or pontin/reptin) are enigmatic AAA+ ATPase proteins that are present in multiple cellular complexes. Although they have been implicated in many cellular functions, the exact molecular function of RVB proteins in the various complexes is not clear. TIP60 complex (TIP60.com) is a tumor suppressor chromatin-remodeling complex containing RVB proteins. RVBs are required for the lysine acetyltransferase activity of TIP60.com but not for that of the pure recombinant TIP60 polypeptide. Here we describe two molecular functions of RVBs in TIP60.com. First, RVBs negate the repression of catalytic activity of TIP60 by another protein in TIP60.com, p400. RVBs competitively displace the SNF2 domain of p400 from the TIP60 polypeptide. In addition RVBs are also required for heat stability of TIP60.com by a p400-independent pathway. RVB1 and RVB2 are redundant with each other for these functions and do not require their ATPase activities. Thus, RVB proteins act as molecular adaptors that can substitute for one another to facilitate the optimal assembly, heat stability, and function of the TIP60 complex © 2013, American Society for Microbiology.