(SoE) School of Engineering

<p>Shiv Nadar University is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, research-focused, and student-centric University offering a full range of academic programs at the undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral level. With state-of-the-art infrastructure, the University comprises of academic wings, sophisticated labs, international standard sports facilities, amphitheaters, auditorium, conference rooms and smart classrooms. The University&rsquo;s goal is to become internationally recognized for the quality of its research and creative endeavors and their applicability to improving quality of life, generating new insights and expanding the boundaries of human knowledge creativity. Committed to excellence in teaching, research and service, the University aims to serve the higher education needs of India and the world beyond.</p>

Shiv Nadar University

The vulnerability of a transportation network is strongly correlated with the ability of the network to withstand shocks and disruptions. A robust network with strategic redundancy allows traffic to be redistributed or reassigned without unduly compromising system performance. High-volume edges with limited alternative paths represent system vulnerabilities-a feature of transportation networks that has been exploited to identify critical components. A mixed-strategy, stochastic game-theoretic approach is presented for the measurement of network vulnerability. This method is designed to incorporate all origins and destinations in a network in a computationally efficient manner. The presented method differs from previous efforts in that it provides a many-to-many measure of vulnerability and edge-based disruptions that may not reside on a common path. A game that considers all possible origin-destination pairs is constructed between a router, which seeks minimum cost paths for travelers, and a network tester, which maximizes travel cost by disabling edges within the network. The method of successive averages is used for routing probabilities, and a weighted entropy function is employed to compute edge-disruption probabilities. The method is demonstrated on a small example network and then applied to the Sioux Falls, South Dakota, network. Results indicate good correspondence with a previous method that used equilibrium assignment and rapid solution convergence.

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Computer Science and Engineering

Fulltext

Transportation Research Record

Many-to-many game-theoretic approach for the measurement of transportation network vulnerabilityany-to-many game-theoretic approach for the measurement of transportation network vulnerability

The paper presents a novel approach for event detection in sports videos by topic based graphical model learning. The characteristics features defining various sport events are extracted by contextual grouping of low-level video and audio features using topic modeling. Event detection is performed by learning the structure of context based distribution of characteristic features by CRF based graphical model. Experimental evaluation of the proposed concept is presented on recorded video of Handball and Soccer game. © 2011 IEEE.

Electrical Engineering

Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision

A hybrid framework for event detection using multi-modal features

This paper presents a MIMO two-way relaying scheme where the transceiver filter at the Relay Station (RS) processes the data using a variant of the Affine Projection Algorithm (APA), known as Partial Rank Algorithm (PRA). The relaying technique used is Amplify and Forward scheme (AF). The modulation technique used at the nodes S1 and S2 is Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK). The performance of PRA algorithm is verified by comparing its Mean-Square error performance (MSE) and Bit Error Rate (BER) with that of a transceiver filter based on Normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS) algorithm. The computational complexity of the algorithm is also tabulated. © 2011 IEEE.

2011 2nd International Conference on Wireless Communication, Vehicular Technology, Information Theory and Aerospace and Electronic Systems Technology, Wireless VITAE 2011

An Affine Projection Algorithm based transceiver filter for MIMO two-way relaying scheme

Henry's constant H of carbon dioxide in a number of ionic liquids (ILs) has been studied using the predictive method COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Realistic Solvation (COSMO-RS). Experimental H values for 14 CO2-IL systems spread over a temperature range of (283 to 333) K have been used to estimate the parameters λ1 and λ2 of the combinatorial term to calculate the chemical potential. The H values of CO 2 in 18 other ILs have been validated and found to be in good agreement with the experimental data with a relative deviation of less than 10 %. Cation groups like imidazolium, pyridinium, ammonium, uronium, thiouronium, and phosphonium have been studied. A total of 12 anions such as L-, BF4-, EtSO4-, TFA-, OctSO4-, Tf2N-, mFAB-, eFAB-, mFAP-, eFAP-, pFAP-, and bFAP- were studied to find the most favorable cation and anion combination for high CO2 solubility. It was observed that increasing the fluorination of organic anions containing fluoro alkyl groups gave lower Henry's constant values (following the trend TFA- &gt; Tf 2N- &gt; mFAB- &gt; eFAB- &gt; mFAP- &gt; eFAP- &gt; pFAP- &gt; bFAP -), thus showing higher CO2 solubility. Among the cations studied, phosphonium-based cations are found to be most promising for higher solubility. It was observed that the entropic effects (combinatorial) arising due to the size and shape of ILs play a major role in the estimation of H values, whereas the enthalpic effects (residual) arising due to molecular interactions have a minor but significant role. A correlation has been developed to predict the H of the [Rnmim]+ cation-based IL by considering a reference value H2 of [R2mim]+. A common predictive equation has been developed to determine the temperature-dependent H values of CO2 in any cation/anion combination of ILs. © 2011 American Chemical Society.

Chemical Engineering

Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data

Validation and prediction of the temperature-dependent Henry's constant for CO2-ionic liquid systems using the Conductor-like Screening Model for Realistic Solvation (COSMO-RS)

Pulsed, lock-in and frequency modulated thermography are three alternative nondestructive evaluation techniques. The defect imaging performance of these techniques are compared using: matched excitation energy; the same carbon fiber composite test piece and infrared camera system. The lock-in technique suffers from blind frequencies at which phase images for some defects disappear. It is shown that this problem can be overcome by using frequency modulated (chirp) excitation and an image fusion algorithm is presented that enhance phase imaging of defects. The signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of defect images obtained by the three techniques are presented. For the shallowest defects (depths 0.25 and 0.5 mm, 6 mm diameter), the pulsed technique exhibits the highest SNRs. For deeper defects the SNRs of the three techniques are similar in magnitude under matched excitation energy condition. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

NDT and E International

A comparison of the pulsed, lock-in and frequency modulated thermography nondestructive evaluation techniques

A second-breakdown phenomenon (It2) in a drain-extended n-type metaloxidesemiconductor (DENMOS) is associated with complex triggering of a parasitic bipolar transistor. Full comprehension of the problem requires 3-D modeling; however, there is even deficiency in the understanding of the phenomenon occurring in the 2-D cross-sectional plane. We present experiments and models to understand the physics of bipolar turn-on and its impact on the onset of space-charge modulation in a DENMOS device. We present a detailed analysis of the current paths involved during the bipolar turn-on. We show that a strong snapback is triggered due to coupling of the parasitic bipolar turn-on in a deeper region of the p-body and avalanche injection at the drain junction. Furthermore, we show that the ballast resistor formed in the drain region due to current crowding of electrons under high-current conditions can be modeled through a simplified 1-D analysis of the n+/n- resistive structure. © 2006 IEEE.

IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices

An insight into the ESD behavior of the nanometer-scale drain-extended NMOS device - Part I: Turn-on behavior of the parasitic bipolar

In the present work, silicon carbide (SiC) films were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering process on Si (100) substrates for micro-cantilever fabrication. The films were deposited without external substrate heating using a ceramic SiC target at 10 mTorr sputtering pressure, 200 W power and 50 mm target-to-substrate spacing. X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the films were amorphous in nature. In order to investigate the chemical inertness, the SiC coated Si substrates were dipped in buffered HF (BHF) at room temperature and in 40% KOH solution at 80 °C for varying length of time. Atomic force microscope was used to investigate surface roughness and morphology of the films before and after chemical processing. Micro-cantilever beams of the SiC film were fabricated by a single mask process. The SiC film was patterned using reactive ion etching (RIE) in SF6-O2 plasma. Thermally evaporated Al film was used as a mask during RIE process. This process also resulted in the formation of convex corners which were exploited for anisotropic etching of Si under the SiC film. The SiC cantilever beams were released by anisotropic etching of Si in KOH at 80 °C without using additional masking material. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the fabricated SiC micro-cantilever beams. The morphology of the SiC film after prolonged exposure to KOH was observed to be similar to that of the as-deposited film. The RF magnetron sputtered SiC films were found to be highly inert in KOH and BHF solutions. Due to difficulty in micromachining of bulk SiC material and its high cost, the RF sputtered SiC films on Si can provide a low cost structural material in MEMS. © (2011) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

Advanced Materials Research

Fabrication of micro-cantilevers using RF magnetron sputtered silicon carbide films

We present a novel dance posture based annotation model by combining features using Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL). We have proposed a novel feature representation which represents the local texture properties of the image. The annotation model is defined in the direct acyclic graph structure using the binary MKL algorithm. The bag-of-words model is applied for image representation. The experiments have been performed on the image collection belonging to two Indian classical dances (Bharatnatyam and Odissi). The annotation model has been tested using SIFT and the proposed feature individually and by optimally combining both the features. The experiments have shown promising results. © 2011 IEEE.

Proceedings - 2011 3rd National Conference on Computer Vision, Pattern Recognition, Image Processing and Graphics, NCVPRIPG 2011

Annotating dance posture images using multi kernel feature combination

Script identification in a multi-lingual document environ- ment has numerous applications in the field of document image analysis, such as indexing and retrieval or as an initial step towards optical character recognition. In this paper, we propose a novel hierarchical framework for script identification in bi-lingual documents. The framework presents a top-down approach by performing page, block/paragraph and word level script identification in multiple stages. We utilize texture and shape based information embedded in the documents at different levels for feature extraction. The prediction task at different levels of hierarchy is performed by Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Rejection based classifier defined using AdaBoost. Experimental evaluation of the proposed concept on document collections of Hindi/English and Bangla/English scripts have shown promising results. Copyright © 2011 ACM.

ACM International Conference Proceeding Series

Script based text identification: A multi-level architecture

The stacking order and distance in columnar phases of triindole-based liquid crystals is controlled by an ethynyl linker (see picture; orange rod) between the central triindole core (green) and the peripheral flexible chains of a discotic mesogen. Hole (h) mobility is very high even if the stacking distances is not very short and the conjugated system is not particularly extended. Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.