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Shiv Nadar University

(SoNS) School of Natural Sciences

We discuss an effective way for analyzing the system on the magnetized twisted orbifolds in operator formalism, especially in the complicated cases T2/Z3, T2/Z4 and T2/Z6. We can obtain the exact and analytical results which can be applicable for any larger values of the quantized magnetic flux M, and show that the (non-diagonalized) kinetic terms are generated via our formalism and the number of the surviving physical states are calculable in a rigorous manner by simply following usual procedures in linear algebra in any case. Our approach is very powerful when we try to examine properties of the physical states on (complicated) magnetized orbifolds T2/Z3, T2/Z4, T2/Z6 (and would be in other cases on higher-dimensional torus) and could be an essential tool for actual realistic model construction based on these geometries. (Note: This article is registered under preprint number: arXiv:1409.5421.). © 2014 The Authors.

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Physics

Fulltext

Nuclear Physics B

Operator analysis of physical states on magnetized T2/ZN orbifolds

We propose a three loop radiative neutrino mass scenario with an isolated doubly charged singlet scalar k±± without couplings to the charged leptons, while two other singly charged scalars h1± and h2± attach to them. In this setup, the lepton flavor violation originating from k±± exchanges is suppressed and the model is less constrained, where some couplings can take sizable values. As reported in our previous work [1], the loop suppression factor at the three loop level would be too strong and realized neutrino masses in a three loop scenario could be smaller than the observed minuscule values. The sizable couplings can help us to enhance neutrino masses without drastically large scalar trilinear couplings appearing in a neutrino mass matrix, which tends to drive the vacuum stability to become jeopardized at the one loop level. Now the doubly charged scalar k±± has less constraint via lepton flavor violation and the vacuum can be quite stable, and thus a few hundred GeV mass in k±± is possible, which is within the LHC reach and this model can be tested in the near future. Note that the other h1± and h2± should be heavy at least around a few TeV. We suitably arrange the charges of an additional global U(1) symmetry, where the decay constant of the associated Nambu-Goldstone boson can be around a TeV scale consistently. Also, this model is indirectly limited through a global analysis on results of the LHC Higgs search and issues on a dark matter candidate, the lightest Majorana neutrino. After h1± and h2± are decoupled, this particle couples to the standard model particles only through two charge parity even scalars in theory and thus information on this scalar sector is important. Consistent solutions are found, but a part of them is now on the edge. © 2015 American Physical Society.

Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology

Three loop neutrino model with isolated k±± three loop neutrino model with isolated k±± Kenji Nishiwaki, Hiroshi Okada, and Yuta Orikasa

The vibrational modes of the deoxyribose-phosphodiester backbone moiety of DNA and their interactions with the interfacial aqueous environment are addressed with two-dimensional (2D) infrared spectroscopy on a femto- to picosecond time scale. Beyond the current understanding in the harmonic approximation, the anharmonic character and delocalization of the backbone modes in the frequency range from 900 to 1300 cm-1 are determined with both diagonal anharmonicities and intermode couplings on the order of 10 cm-1. Mediated by the intermode couplings, energy transfer between the backbone modes takes place on a picosecond time scale, parallel to vibrational relaxation and energy dissipation into the environment. Probing structural dynamics noninvasively via the time evolution of the 2D lineshapes, limited structural fluctuations are observed on a 300 fs time scale of low-frequency motions of the helix, counterions, and water shell. Structural disorder of the DNA-water interface and DNA-water hydrogen bonds are, however, preserved for times beyond 10 ps. The different interactions of limited strength ensure ultrafast vibrational relaxation and dissipation of excess energy in the backbone structure, processes that are important for the structural integrity of hydrated DNA. © 2015 American Chemical Society.

Chemistry

Journal of Physical Chemistry B

Anharmonic Backbone Vibrations in Ultrafast Processes at the DNA-Water Interface

A novel zwitterionic near-infrared (NIR) dye, ZWCC, has been designed and synthesized. It shows significantly enhanced photostability and chemical stability compared to the existing zwitterionic NIR dye. In addition, the feasibility of labeling ZWCC with biological ligands was investigated and used in live cell imaging applications. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015.

Chemical Communications

The development of a highly photostable and chemically stable zwitterionic near-infrared dye for imaging applications

We investigated the changes in amino acid (AA) metabolism induced in MCF10A, a human mammary epithelial cell line, by the sequential knock-in of K-Ras and PI3K mutant oncogenes. Differentially regulated genes associated to AA pathways were identified on comparing gene expression patterns in the isogenic cell lines. Additionally, we monitored the changes in the levels of AAs and transcripts in the cell lines treated with kinase inhibitors (REGO: a multi-kinase inhibitor, PI3K-i: a PI3K inhibitor, and MEK-i: a MEK inhibitor). In total, 19 AAs and 58 AA-associated transcripts were found to be differentially regulated by oncogene knock-in and by drug treatment. In particular, the multi-kinase and MEK inhibitor affected pathways in K-Ras mutant cells, whereas the PI3K inhibitor showed a major impact in the K-Ras/PI3K double mutant cells. These findings may indicate the dependency of AA metabolism on the oncogene mutation pattern in human cancer. Thus, future therapy might include combinations of kinase inhibitors and drug targeting enzymes of AA pathways. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015.

Molecular BioSystems

Effect of oncogene activating mutations and kinase inhibitors on amino acid metabolism of human isogenic breast cancer cells

Development of highly sensitive and selective sensing systems of divalent zinc ion (Zn2+) in organisms has been a growing interest in the past decades owing to its pivotal role in cellular metabolism, apoptosis, and neurotransmission. Herein, we report the rational design and synthesis of a Zn2+ fluorescent-based probe by assembling lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with chromophores. Specifically, upconversion luminescence (UCL) can be effectively quenched by the chromophores on the surface of nanoparticles via a fluorescence resonant energy transfer (FRET) process and subsequently recovered upon the addition of Zn2+, thus allowing for quantitative monitoring of Zn2+. Importantly, the sensing system enables detection of Zn2+ in real biological samples. We demonstrate that this chromophore-UCNP nanosystem is capable of implementing an efficient in vitro and in vivo detection of Zn2+ in mouse brain slice with Alzheimers disease and zebrafish, respectively. © 2015 American Chemical Society.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

High-efficiency in vitro and in vivo detection of Zn2+ by dye-assembled upconversion nanoparticles

DNA opoisomerase I is a potential chemotherapeutic target. Here, we designed and synthesized a library comprising of hydantoin and thiohydantoin derivatives and tested them against human and Leishmania Top1. One of the thiohydantoin compounds with substituted thiophenyl as the central moiety (compound 15) exhibited potent inhibition of human Top1 (HTop1) through stabilization of Top1-DNA cleavage complexes and showed selective anticancer activity against human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) and breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines. Molecular modeling studies with HTop1 rationalized the inhibitory mechanism of compound 15. © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS.

Life Sciences

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

Design, synthesis and evaluation of thiohydantoin derivatives as potent topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitors with anticancer activity

Several natural product inspired fused and spiro-heterocyclic scaffolds were prepared by ring distortion and ring construction strategies and evaluated for anti-breast cancer activity. A facile domino Pictet-Spengler lactamization (PSL) afforded nine natural product inspired indolo[2,3-a]quinolizidine and indolo[8,7-b]indolizidine scaffolds which are converted to seven other scaffolds by functional group transformation, ring distortion and ring construction strategies. In vitro screenings of this library of sixteen scaffolds with six distinct architectures against MCF7 cell lines afforded two compounds (10 and 21) with modest activity. Principal component analysis of this library against databases of FDA approved drugs, commercial compounds and FDA approved breast cancer compounds indicated an eclectic mix of structures among the molecules. © The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.

New Journal of Chemistry

Diverse synthesis of natural product inspired fused and spiro-heterocyclic scaffolds via ring distortion and ring construction strategies

Whereas data on deuterium (D) and oxygen (18O), effective tracers of hydrological processes, are available for global precipitation, such data on atmospheric water vapor are limited. With the advent of satellites capable of measuring D in atmospheric water vapor, mesoscale moisture transport processes (e.g. monsoons) could be detected early provided the signal is well above the noise. Our results of daily measurements of stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of atmospheric water vapor (δ18Ovapor, δDvapor) and rain (δ18Orain, δDrain) during 2007-2008 CE over Ahmedabad, India, show that this is indeed so: (i) the onset of monsoon is marked by a dramatic decrease of ~2.9‰ and ~60‰, in δ18Ovapor, δDvapor, respectively, and 46‰ in deuterium excess (δD - 8. δ18O) of local atmospheric water vapor (ii) δ18Ovapor, δDvapor, δ18Orain and δDrain exhibit correlated variations during the monsoon season (mid-June to mid-September): the daily variations of δ18Ovapor and δDvapor are higher during large rain events, with sharp negative excursions from mean values. Deuterium excess of vapor and rain are indistinguishable from each other, within their natural variability, consistent with the achievement of isotopic equilibrium between them. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

Atmospheric Environment

Monsoon onset signal in the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios of monsoon vapor

Development of informative polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers at a genome-wide scale is essential for efficient large-scale genotyping applications. We identified genome-wide 1835 SSRs showing polymorphism between desi and kabuli chickpea. A total of 1470 polymorphic SSR markers from diverse coding and non-coding regions of the chickpea genome were developed. These physically mapped SSR markers exhibited robust amplification efficiency (73.9%) and high intra- and inter-specific polymorphic potential (63.5%), thereby suggesting their immense use in various genomics-assisted breeding applications. The SSR markers particularly derived from intergenic and intronic sequences revealed high polymorphic potential. Using the mapped SSR markers, a wider functional molecular diversity (16–94%, mean: 68%), and parentage- and cultivar-specific admixed domestication pattern and phylogenetic relationships in a structured population of desi and kabuli chickpea genotypes was evident. The intra-specific polymorphism (47.6%) and functional molecular diversity (65%) potential of polymorphic SSR markers developed in our study is much higher than that of previous documentations. Finally, we have developed a user-friendly web resource, Chickpea Microsatellite Database (CMsDB; http://www.nipgr.res.in/CMsDB.html), which provides public access to the data and results reported in this study. The developed informative SSR markers can serve as a resource for various genotyping applications, including genetic enhancement studies in chickpea. © 2015 Parida, Verma, Yadav, Ambawat, Das, Garg and Jain.

Frontiers in Plant Science

Development of genome-wide informative simple sequence repeat markers for large-scale genotyping applications in chickpea and development of web resource