(SoE) School of Engineering

<p>Shiv Nadar University is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, research-focused, and student-centric University offering a full range of academic programs at the undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral level. With state-of-the-art infrastructure, the University comprises of academic wings, sophisticated labs, international standard sports facilities, amphitheaters, auditorium, conference rooms and smart classrooms. The University&rsquo;s goal is to become internationally recognized for the quality of its research and creative endeavors and their applicability to improving quality of life, generating new insights and expanding the boundaries of human knowledge creativity. Committed to excellence in teaching, research and service, the University aims to serve the higher education needs of India and the world beyond.</p>

Shiv Nadar University

In this work, gel/glass/cage effects using the Achillias and Kiparissides (AK) model has been incorporated in the analytical solution (AS) obtained in our previous work. The AK model is based on the Chiu, Carratt, and Soong (CCS) model and free volume theory. The results of AS matched quite well with the numerical solutions as well as with the experimental data for methyl methacrylate (MMA). Various variables like termination kinetic coefficient, initiator efficiency, macroradicals concentration profile matched with the established published results. The work clearly demonstrates that AS is sufficiently flexible to accommodate gel/glass/cage effects explicitly although it was not primarily derived for these conditions. This extends the practical usage of AS for the whole range of conversion under isothermal conditions. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

Chemical Engineering

World University root node

Macromolecules

Analytical solution of free radical polymerization: Applications- implementing gel effect using AK model

Toxic particulate elements present in cigarette smoke pose health threats to the life of smokers due to direct inhalation and at the same time increase health risks to non-smokers present in the vicinity of smokers because of their exposure. This study conducted a series of experiments using a controlled experimental chamber, equipped with simulated smoking conditions for characterization of particulate trace elements in mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke. Four popular commercial cigarette brands available in Singapore market were used in this study. The target elements for extraction and analysis were Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Sn, Sr, Te, Tl and Zn of both water-soluble and total constituents. The human health risk assessment results showed that the sidestream smoke had higher concentrations of toxic elements than those in the mainstream smoke. However, risk assessment analysis revealed that the sidestream smoke resulted in less human health risks compared to the mainstream smoke due to the influence of dilution of particulate emissions in sidestream smoke prior to inhalation exposure experienced by non-smokers. The cumulative non-cancer and cancer risks of toxic elements varied from 2.0 to 3.1 and from 398.4×10-6 to 626.1×10-6 due to inhalation of cigarette smoke by an active smoker. In the case of non-smokers, the risks were estimated under three possible cases of exposure. The cumulative cancer risks under three different cases were greater than the permissible limits. Therefore, it could be concluded that the toxic particulate elements present in cigarette smoke have significant carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health effects due to inhalation exposure in the environment. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Civil Engineering

Science of the Total Environment

Human health risk associated with exposure to toxic elements in mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke

Spiraling of conductors in a helical winding of a transformer may lead to a catastrophic failure under the action of torsional short-circuit electromagnetic forces. Torsional forces are produced by the interaction of the axial component of the short-circuit current and the radial component of the leakage magnetic flux density. In this paper, 3-D magnetostatic analysis has been performed to determine the leakage magnetic-field distribution in a 130-MVA power transformer. Torsional electromagnetic forces are calculated from the analysis to determine circumferential displacements of conductors of its low-voltage helical winding. Furthermore, mechanical stress components are computed and a factor of safety is defined, which gives an indication as to whether the winding conductors are in the elastic or plastic zone. The numerical results thus obtained by the finite-element method are verified using the first principles from mechanics. The effect of looseness in the inner support structure on the von-Mises equivalent stress and, hence, on the factor of safety has been studied. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

Electrical Engineering

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery

Coupled electromagnetic-structural analysis of the spiraling phenomenon in a helical winding of a power transformer

With the increase in number of available interesting locations, it becomes difficult for users to find interesting ones, thus imposes a need for recommender systems to suggest interesting locations. Further, to ease the user's decision making, the amount of supplementary information, such as right time to visit, weather conditions, traffic condition, right mode of transport, crowdedness, security alerts, etc., may be annotated with the list of recommended locations. This paper explores the possibility of enriching tourist locations using crowd sourcing approach, which can be used by Tourist Spot Recommender System (TSRS) for mobile users. Proposed crowd sourcing system focuses on getting work done from the crowd currently available at the location under consideration. In proposed system, the contributed information is not limited to ones available on blogs, web pages and sensor-readings from the device etc., but includes proactively-generated user's opinions and perspectives, that are processed to offer immediate knowledge. Our system works in collaboration with a TSRS, takes the list of locations to be recommended to the current user and performs just-in-time information enrichment for those selected set of locations. We have implemented a prototype of proposed systems using java android software development toolkit and evaluated this system by 76 real users. © 2014 IEEE.

Computer Science and Engineering

Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Mobile Data Management

Information enrichment for tourist spot recommender system using location aware crowdsourcing

This paper presents the design of Memristor-capacitor based startup circuit. Memristor is a novel device and has many advantages over conventional CMOS devices such as no leakage current and is easy to manufacture. In this work the switching characteristics of memristor is utilized. First the theoretical equations describing the switching behavior of memristor are derived. To prove the switching capabilities of Memristor, a startup circuit based on series combination of Memristor-capacitor is proposed. This circuit is compared with the reference circuit (which utilizes resistor in place of memristor) and the previously reported MOSFET based startup circuits. Comparison of different circuits was done to validate the results. Simulation results shows that memristor based circuit attains on (I = 2.25 mA) to off state (I = 10 μA) in 2.8 ns while the MOSFET based startup circuits takes (I = 1 mA) to off state (I = 10 μA) in 55.56 ns. However no significant difference in switching time was observed when compared with resistance based startup circuit. The benefit comes in terms of area because much larger die area is required for manufacturing of resistance in comparison to fabrication of memristor. © 2014 IEEE.

Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics, ICACCI 2014

Memristor-capacitor based startup circuit for voltage reference generators

The mass production of printed electronics can be achieved by roll-to-roll (R2R) printing system, so highly accurate web tension is required that can minimize the register error and keep the thickness and roughness of printed devices in limits. The web tension of a R2R system is regulated by the use of integrated load cells and active dancer system for printed electronics applications using decentralized multi-input-single-output (MISO) regularized variable learning rate backpropagation artificial neural networks. The active dancer system is used before printing system to reduce disturbances in the web tension of process span. The classical PID control result in tension spikes with the change in roll diameter of winder and unwinder rolls. The presence of dancer in R2R system shows that improved web tension control in printing span and the web tension can be enhanced from 3.75 N to 4.75 N. The overshoot of system is less than ±2.5 N and steady state error is within ±1 N where load cells have a signal noise of ±0.7 N. The integration of load cells and active dancer with self-adapting neural network control provide a solution to the web tension control of multispan roll-to-roll system. © Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014.

Mechanical Engineering

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (English Edition)

Web tension regulation of multispan roll-to-roll system using integrated active dancer and load cells for printed electronics applications

In this paper, slurry erosion performance of high velocity flame-sprayed Ni-Al2O3 based coatings was evaluated. The coatings were deposited on a hydroturbine steel (CA6NM) by varying the content of Al 2O3 in Ni. Using jet-type test rig, erosion behavior of coatings and bare steel was evaluated at different impingement angles. Detailed investigation of the surface morphology of the eroded specimens was undertaken using SEM/EDS to identify potential erosion mechanism. A parameter named "erosion mechanism identifier" (ξ) was used to predict the mode of erosion. It was observed that the coating prepared using 40 wt.% of Al 2O3 showed a highest resistance to erosion. This coating enhanced the erosion resistance of the steel by 2 to 4 times. Spalling in the form of splats and chunks of material (formed by interlinking of cracks) along with fracture of Al2O3 splats were identified as primary mechanisms responsible for the loss of coating material. The erosion mechanism of coatings and bare steel predicted by ξ was in good agreement with that observed experimentally. Among different parameters, a function of fracture toughness (K IC) and hardness (H) showed excellent correlation with erosion resistance of coatings at both the impingement angles. © 2013 ASM International.

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology

Slurry erosion performance of Ni-Al2O3 based thermal-sprayed coatings: Effect of angle of impingement

We consider the weight-reducible knapsack problem, where we are given a limited budget that can be used to decrease item weights, and we would like to optimize the knapsack objective value using such weight improvements. We develop a pseudo-polynomial algorithm for the problem, as well as a polynomial-time 3-approximation algorithm based on solving the LP-relaxation. Furthermore, we consider the special case of one degree of improvement with equal improvement costs for each item, and present a linear-time 3-approximation algorithm based on solving a cardinality-constrained and a classic knapsack problem, and show that the analysis of the polynomial-time 3-approximation algorithm can be improved to yield a 2-approximation. © 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)

Approximation algorithms for the weight-reducible knapsack problem

Two novel triads based on a diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) central core and two 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza- s - indacene (BODIPY) units attached by thiophene rings have been synthesised having high molar extinction coefficients. These triads were characterised and used as donor materials in small molecule, solution processable organic solar cells. Both triads were blended with PC 71 BM as an acceptor in different ratios by wt % and their photovoltaic properties were studied. For both the triads a modest photovoltaic performance was observed, having an efficiency of 0.65%. Moreover, in order to understand the ground and excited state properties and vertical absorption profile of DPP and BODIPY units within the triads, theoretical DFT and TDDFT calculations were performed. © 2014 Cortizo-Lacalle et al; licensee Beilstein-Institut. License and terms: see end of document.

Fulltext

Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry

Solution processable diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) cored small molecules with BODIPY end groups as novel donors for organic solar cells

A graph theoretic approach is proposed to recognize interactions (e.g.; handshaking, punching, etc.) between two human performers in a video. Pose descriptors corresponding to each performer in the video are generated and clustered to form initial codebooks of human poses. Compact codebooks of dominating poses for each of the two performers are created by ranking the poses of the initial codebooks using two different methods. First, an average centrality measure of graph connectivity is introduced where poses are nodes in the graph. The dominating poses are graph nodes sharing a close semantic relationship with all other pose nodes and hence are expected to be at the central part of the graph. Second, a novel similarity measure is introduced for ranking dominating poses. The 'pose doublets', all possible combinations of dominating poses of the two performers, are ranked using an improved centrality measure of a bipartite graph. The set of 'dominating pose doublets' that best represents the corresponding interaction are selected using the perceptual analysis technique. The recognition results on standard interaction datasets show the efficacy of the proposed approach compared to the state-of-the-art. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.