(SoE) School of Engineering

Shiv Nadar University is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, research-focused, and student-centric University offering a full range of academic programs at the undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral level. With state-of-the-art infrastructure, the University comprises of academic wings, sophisticated labs, international standard sports facilities, amphitheaters, auditorium, conference rooms and smart classrooms. The University&rsquo;s goal is to become internationally recognized for the quality of its research and creative endeavors and their applicability to improving quality of life, generating new insights and expanding the boundaries of human knowledge creativity. Committed to excellence in teaching, research and service, the University aims to serve the higher education needs of India and the world beyond.

Shiv Nadar University

Worker' work-rotation between the workstations of an assembly line is a common task to an assembly line manager, to manage the workload between the assembly line workers. Usually, worker work rotation makes an interruption to a continuous production system. It is a desire of an assembly line manager to avoid the worker's work-rotation, at least between the work breaks. This work aims to protect the manager's interest by predicting the comfortable work-duration time of an assembly line worker for a given work, based on the working condition and the instantaneous physical & mental status of the worker. The comfortable work-duration time can be used during the worker's work assignment to reduce interruptions. Factors, which influence the longevity of workers' comfortable work duration time are identified. IIoT based sensors are proposed here to monitor the relevant factors for diagnostics. Machine Learning techniques are used as a part of prognostics to predict the comfortable work-duration time of a worker, based on his/her physical & mental status. Implementation methodology is explained along with a simulated experiment. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

World University root node

Mechanical Engineering

Procedia CIRP

A Dynamic System to Predict an Assembly Line Worker's Comfortable Work-Duration Time by Using the Machine Learning Technique

The NRCS-CN method, integrated with GIS and remote sensing, can be used for estimating curve numbers (CN) and surface runoff in geohydrological systems. The study area is divided into 63 sub-basins, and the land use land cover (LULC)-hydrologic soil group (HSG) complex is identified for each sub-basin. The CN values for three antecedent soil moisture (AMC) conditions are calculated and corrected for surface slope variations. The surface runoff depth is determined using the rainfall data for 16 years (2005–2020). The average runoff depth and mean annual precipitation ranges from 444.50 to 1960.55 mm and 936.99 to 3520.55 mm, respectively. For all sub-basins, strong correlations between runoff depth and rainfall (R2 ≥ 0.8) as well as between simulated runoff and measured runoff (R2 ≥ 0.8) are observed. The Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE) values suggest that the model's efficiency is good to satisfactory. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of Journal of Maps.

Civil Engineering

Journal of Maps

Estimation of rainfall-induced surface runoff for the Assam region, India, using the GIS-based NRCS-CN method

Atomistic level understanding of the interactions of thiophene and iso-octane with various organic solvents such as N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), sulfolane, furfural, diethyleneglycol (DEG), 2-aminoethanol (ETA), tetraethyleneglycol (TEG), dimethylformamide (DMF) and cyrene to find an optimum solvent for selective extraction of thiophene, was presented by using DFT and MD simulations. As per the reactivity descriptors computed from Koopmans’ theorem based on quantum mechanics, for the eight solvents studied, furfural is most reactive followed by cyrene while sulfolane has the least reactivity. Based on the interaction energies (IE) of solute–solvent systems using DFT, cyrene presented strongest interaction with thiophene followed by TEG, furfural and DEG indicating that cyrene can show good thiophene removal capacity. The difference in the IE values of thiophene and isooctance was considered as a measure of possible sulphur selectivity over hydrocarbon. Among the eight solvents considered, furfural, DEG, TEG and cyrene observed to show good desulfurization selectivity. The favourable positions on solvent molecules for potential interactions with thiophene and isooctane were identified using orbitals, electrostatic potential maps, fukui function maps for electrophilic and nucleophilic attack, match well with the trends in IE values and RDFs from MD simulation. The solute–solvent concentration profiles and radial distribution functions computed using MD simulations evidently show that furfural and cyrene show better capacity and selectivity for Thiophene which are in correspondence with DFT results. The detailed analysis using QM and MM methods, concludes that cyrene, furfural and TEG are the optimum organic solvents for thiophene removal from gasoline using extractive desulfurization method (EDS). © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Chemical Engineering

Environmental Science and Engineering

Screening of Organic Solvents for Separation of Thiophene and Iso-octane: Density Functional Theory and Molecular Dynamic Simulations

The present paper develops an integrated approach for joint optimization of preventive maintenance (PM) planning and quality control policy in a single machine manufacturing system. Considering the economic dependency between quality and maintenance parameters, the proposed model aims to optimize the four decision variables, viz. PM interval, sample size, sample frequency and control limit coefficient to minimize the expected total integrated cost per unit time. The imperfect age-based PM model is applied which addresses the most practical issue that a unit may not always be maintained to an as-good-as-new state. Analysing the problem to be NP-hard in nature, a recently developed meta-heuristic named Jaya algorithm is applied to retrieve the near-optimum solutions. The peculiarity of Jaya as compared to conventional heuristics is that it is a parameter-less algorithm thus does not require tuning to algorithm-specific parameters thereby minimizing computational complexity to a great extent. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the integrated economic design of PM and process quality control parameters. Computational results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed approach. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

An Efficient Jaya Algorithm for Joint Optimization of Preventive Maintenance and Quality Policy in Production Systems

Bias Temperature Instability (BTI) and Hot Carrier Injection (HCI) are the most severe reliability concerns in advanced CMOS devices. Investigating the extent of device degradation in analog and digital circuits has been an ongoing focus of several research groups. However, emerging fields like spiking neural networks (SNN) constituting neuromorphic circuit blocks, lack insight of device degradation impact over its operative lifetime. This work emphasizes the importance of device degradation in a crucial neuromorphic circuit block, the silicon neuron (SiN). A comprehensive degradation analysis on the stimulated SiN recently reported demonstrated significant fault/mismatches incurred when the SiN was on the verge of spiking. Here, we investigate the presence of fault/mismatches when the neuron spikes for different uniformly- and randomly- distributed input strengths. It was realized through key SiN performance parameters in 'Time0' (pre-degradation) and 'Aged' (post-degradation) simulations. Although the neuron circuit functions effectively for most of the applied uniformly-distributed inputs, its detrimental effects were still very apparent in the randomly-distributed inputs potentially impacting signal/information transmission in an SNN. © 2022 IEEE.

Electrical Engineering

2022 IEEE Region 10 Symposium, TENSYMP 2022

Device Reliability Affecting Coding Schemes in Neuromorphic Circuits

Diverting or deflecting sediments is an essential part of river training. Under the effect of an induced helical motion, the submerged vanes are best known for deflecting sediments. This study presents current state-of-the-art information on employing submerged vanes for sediment deflection, as well as concluding notes outlining the current knowledge’s limitations and suggestions for future research on sediment deflection using submerged vanes. The analytical background for basic physics of submerged vanes’ operation is first described. The paper then moves on to a thorough examination of vane design parameters based on analytical relationships. A brief overview of the applications of submerged vanes is also included in the paper. A review of recent studies aims at designing a layout of submerged vanes to assist in river training tasks, such as river bends protection, sediment exclusion at water intakes, improving safety at bridges on waterways, improving inland navigation is provided to this end. The study also presented a future program of research on submerged vanes for improving inland navigation in braided rivers. The major lag in literature is a lack of information on macro turbulence and the associated sediment motion induced by the wake of the submerged vane. © 2022 Indian Society for Hydraulics.

ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

A review of sediment deflection in rivers using submerged vanes

Floods are frequently occurring events in the Assam region due to the presence of the Brahmaputra River and the heavy monsoon period. An efficient and reliable methodology is utilized to prepare a GIS-based flood risk map for the Assam region, India. At the regional and administrative level, the flood hazard index (FHI), flood vulnerability index (FVI), and flood risk index (FRI) are developed using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)–analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The selected indicators define the topographical, geological, meteorological, drainage characteristics, land use land cover, and demographical features of Assam. The results show that more than 70%, 57.37%, and 50% of the total area lie in moderate to very high FHI, FVI, and FRI classes, respectively. The proposed methodology can be applied to identify high flood risk zones and to carry out effective flood risk management and mitigation strategies in vulnerable areas. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Fulltext

Geocarto International

A GIS-based flood risk mapping of Assam, India, using the MCDA-AHP approach at the regional and administrative level

This article reports an in-depth study of interdigitated photoconductive antenna (IPCA) structures for broadband, high electric field, efficient terahertz (THz) generation and detection. The photoconductive antenna (PCA) is the key component which can be used as both the emitter and detector in the THz-time domain spectroscopy for imaging application. The proposed IPCA can easily overcome the limitations of conventional dipole or bow-tie PCA, like, less bandwidth, low optical-to-THz conversion efficiency and less radiated THz power. In this work, the performance of IPCAs, which is made of silver interdigitated electrodes and thin layer of low-temperature-grown GaAs (LTG-GaAs) on top of semi-insulating GaAs (SI-GaAs) substrate, has been studied by varying the geometry of the interdigitated elements until it reaches to the plasmonic limit. Several time- and frequency-dependent parameters, such as carrier density, conductance, impedance, photocurrent, bandwidth, optical-to-THz efficiency, THz radiated power, have been investigated thoroughly depending on the input ultrafast laser parameters, temperature-dependent mobility of photo-carriers and the dimension of the IPCAs. The Scharfetter and Gummel’s drift-diffusion model has been used to calculate the photo-carrier density while focuses the laser pulses at the gap of IPCA structures. The optimum results have been found in terms of single-cycle THz pulses of 0.3 ps, bandwidth of ∼<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>∼</mo></math>&nbsp;13.8 THz, optical-to-THz efficiency of 0.1265% and average radiated power of 3.9564 mW for the 20-nm interdigitated electrode (teeth) width, i.e. 44 elements IPCA. The results of different dimensions of IPCAs have been compared among them and with the published conventional PCAs. These IPCAs will be very useful for future generation THz-transceiver systems.

Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering

Parametric Investigation of Interdigitated Photoconductive Antenna for Efficient Terahertz Applications

This paper presents the generation of various OAM modes using single octagonal shape patch antenna. The proposed OAM antenna is compact in size and can generate multiple OAM modes using proper feeding techniques. The proposed OAM antenna is designed and simulated for resonating frequency of 5.2 GHz, WLAN band and it can generate OAM beam with topology charge l = 0, ±1, ±2 and ±3. Beam of topology charge ±3 is also generated but with little distortion.

An Octagon Patch Antenna for OAM Mode Generation

A comprehensive year-round field campaign was conducted in the coastal city of Ningbo, China to examine the driving factors of oxidative potential (OP) of PM2.5 and hence its potential health impacts. Using dithiothreitol (DTT) cell-free assay, OP of water-soluble (OPws) and methanol-soluble components (OPmeth) of PM2.5-based samples were measured. Volume-normalised OP (OPvws and OPvmeth) were higher in heating seasons, and mass-normalised OP (OPmws and OPmmeth) peaked in summer. Five sources were identified to be DTT active in OPvws, with road dust (RD) being dominant, while four sources contributed to OPvmeth, with industrial emission (IE) as the largest contributor. Water extracted more toxic components from RD while toxic components in IE and vehicle emission (VE) were more soluble in methanol. We further compared OP values between PM2.5 of similar concentrations and observed that OPvws prevailed in PM2.5 toxicity during clean days (PM2.5 concentration &lt; 38.5 µg m−3), while OPvmeth became dominant when PM2.5 concentration was larger than 69.1 µg m−3, implying the need to extract whole PM2.5 using both solvents to develop the mitigation strategy for reducing the overall PM2.5 toxicity. Efforts should be devoted to controlling the emissions from dominant sources of both OP indicators in specific episode. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

Journal of Hazardous Materials

Chemical constituents, driving factors, and source apportionment of oxidative potential of ambient fine particulate matter in a Port City in East China