(SoE) School of Engineering

<p>Shiv Nadar University is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, research-focused, and student-centric University offering a full range of academic programs at the undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral level. With state-of-the-art infrastructure, the University comprises of academic wings, sophisticated labs, international standard sports facilities, amphitheaters, auditorium, conference rooms and smart classrooms. The University&rsquo;s goal is to become internationally recognized for the quality of its research and creative endeavors and their applicability to improving quality of life, generating new insights and expanding the boundaries of human knowledge creativity. Committed to excellence in teaching, research and service, the University aims to serve the higher education needs of India and the world beyond.</p>

Shiv Nadar University

Smart transportation for warehouses focuses on moving of the products more secure and efficient. The paper focuses on different parts such as maintaining the safety of the products and the container, keeping track of the products being loaded, tracking the location of the container, alerting in the case of an accident, and also using efficient communication system in the case of an emergency. The first part of the paper deals with the safety of the products which involves keeping track of the surrounding parameters such as temperature, humidity, and fire (in case a fire broke out) by utilizing temperature, humidity sensor, and the fire sensor and also the accident detection using accelerometer and gyroscope. This part also deals with the information of the products using RFID and using conditional statements to verify whether the product is allotted to a specific container. The second part focuses on the communication system with which all the required alerts can be transmitted in the form of SMS and emails with the help of third-party APIs. Using the data from the emails, a software platform is used to automate the task of storing that data in Google sheets. The second part also deals with location tracking of the container using Google maps, which helps the person in-charge to keep track of the locations the container has been to. The final part deals with the implementation of the dashboard. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

World University root node

Electrical Engineering

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

Smart Transportation for Warehouses

Network science is a domain in which we focus on studying complex networks like social networks, chemical networks, computer networks, telecommunication networks, cognitive networks, semantic networks, and biological networks. In recent years, link prediction in complex networks has become an active research field because of its various real-world applications. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm for link prediction influenced by the concept of vertex entropy and ego networks. We used 12 real-world datasets to evaluate the performance of the novel algorithm. Results are compared with the 12 baseline algorithm based on 4 metrics AUC, Precision, Prediction-Power, and Precision@K. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the novel algorithm. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Computer Science and Engineering

Studies in Computational Intelligence

Vertex Entropy Based Link Prediction in Unweighted and Weighted Complex Networks

This study focuses on characterizing the fatigue damage accumulated in nonlinear aeroelastic systems subjected to stochastic inflows through both numerical simulations and wind tunnel experiments. In the mathematical model, nonlinearities are assumed to exist either in the structure (via a cubic hardening nonlinearity in the pitch stiffness), or in the flow (via dynamic stall condition), or simultaneously in both the structural and aerodynamic counterparts. The aerodynamic loads in the attached flow and dynamic stall conditions are estimated using Wagner's formulation and semi-empirical Leishman–Beddoes model, respectively. To augment the findings to in-field flow conditions, the oncoming wind flow is considered to be randomly time-varying in nature. The stochastic input flow fluctuations are modeled using a Karhunen–Loeve Expansion formulation. The response dynamics and the associated fatigue damage of the aeroelastic system, possessing different sources of nonlinearities, are systematically investigated under isolated cases of deterministic and stochastic input flows. Specifically, the pertinent role of stochasticity in the input flow is brought out by presenting the response dynamics and the associated fatigue damage accumulation for different values of noise intensity and time scale of the input flow fluctuation. It is demonstrated that under fluctuating flow conditions, the dynamics intermittently switch between attached flow and the dynamic stall regimes even at low mean flow speeds. The intermittent nature of the response varies as the time scale and intensity of the oncoming flow are varied. The role of torsional stresses as the predominant component dictating the fatigue damage accumulation irrespective of the source of nonlinearity is illustrated. Using the rainflow counting method and Miner's linear damage accumulation theory, it is shown that the accumulated fatigue damage is substantially higher under stochastic flow conditions as compared to deterministic input flows. Importantly, it is observed that different time scales and intensities of the oncoming flow fluctuation play a pivotal role in dictating the fatigue damage in aeroelastic systems. Finally, fatigue damage is observed to be significantly higher for torsionally dominant oscillations in the dynamical stall regime compared to the oscillations at the attached flow regime. The numerical findings are strengthened by drawing comparisons with the preliminary results obtained from wind tunnel experiments performed on a NACA 0012 airfoil undergoing dynamic stall. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that systematically bridges the dichotomy between the stall-induced dynamical signatures in stochastic aeroelastic systems and maps the same to the corresponding structural damage. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Mechanical Engineering

Fulltext

International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics

Stall-induced fatigue damage in nonlinear aeroelastic systems under stochastic inflow: Numerical and experimental analyses

This paper addresses the joint optimization model of production scheduling, work-in-process (WIP) inventory control and group preventive maintenance (PM) planning in a multi-machine system with multi-components. The objective is to obtain optimum production sequence, PM intervals and grouping of components, which minimize the total expected cost per unit time of the system. A new meta-heuristic named Jaya algorithm and two popular algorithms viz. simulated annealing (SA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are applied to optimize the objective function. Initially, the optimum group of components is obtained based on the integer multiples of individual PM intervals. Secondly, the job permutation sequence incorporating group PM intervals is identified with the largest order value (LOV) rule. The shift in optimum PM intervals is realized with an advanced-postpone balancing approach. Computational results reveal that the proposed integrated model along with group PM yields up to 25% cost reductions when compared to the integrated model with individual maintenance as well as 37% savings while no integration is performed. Furthermore, the performance of algorithms is evaluated with large-sized problems. The obtained results show that Jaya and SA yielded comparable results, however, PSO is least productive. Thus, the proposed approach yields better economic performance and brings more improvised solutions as compared to the conventional methods of integrated scheduling and maintenance optimization problems. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Annals of Operations Research

Joint optimization of production scheduling and group preventive maintenance planning in multi-machine systems

The inner winding of transformers may get buckled under the short-circuit condition. To avoid the buckling of the inner winding, the critical stress at which buckling occurs should be more than the applied stress during a short-circuit event. The important parameters on which the critical buckling stress depends are the inner winding radial dimension, number and dimension of strands, distance between the two adjacent axial sticks, dimension of the axial sticks, proof stress of the conductor material, etc. In literature, for the given geometrical details of the inner winding, the variation of critical stress with the number of axial sticks and the value of proof stress of the conductor material are not reported. In this letter, the effects of varying the number of axial sticks and the proof stress of the conductor material on the value of critical stress of the inner winding have been investigated. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery

Effects of Axial Sticks and Proof Stress of Conductor Material on the Buckling Strength of Transformer Inner Winding

This study focuses on characterizing the bifurcation scenario and the underlying synchrony behavior in a nonlinear aeroelastic system under deterministic as well as stochastic inflow conditions. Wind tunnel experiments are carried out for a canonical pitch-plunge aeroelastic system subjected to dynamic stall conditions. The system is observed to undergo a subcritical Hopf bifurcation, giving way to large-amplitude limit cycle oscillations (LCOs) in the stall flutter regime under the deterministic flow conditions. At this condition, we observe intermittent phase synchronization between pitch and plunge modes near the fold point, whereas synchronization via phase trapping is observed near the Hopf point. Repeating the experiments under stochastic inflow conditions, we observe two different aeroelastic responses: low amplitude noise-induced random oscillations (NIROs) and high-amplitude random LCOs (RLCOs) during stall flutter. The present study shows asynchrony between pitch and plunge modes in the NIRO regime. At the onset of RLCOs, asynchrony persists even though the relative phase distribution changes. With further increase in the flow velocity, we observe intermittent phase synchronization in the flutter regime. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study reporting the experimental evidence of phase synchronization between pitch and plunge modes of an aeroelastic system, which is of great interest to the nonlinear dynamics community. Furthermore, given the ubiquitous presence of stall behavior and stochasticity in a variety of engineering systems, such as wind turbine blades, helicopter blades, and unmanned aerial vehicles, the present findings will be directly beneficial for the efficient design of futuristic aeroelastic systems. © 2022 Author(s).

Chaos

Experimental investigation on the synchronization characteristics of a pitch-plunge aeroelastic system exhibiting stall flutter

The effect of variation of mass flow rate (m f ) and number of collectors (N) on the yearly efficiency of a single slope solar still by incorporating series connected N similar photovoltaic thermal flat plate collectors (NPVTFPCSS) has been investigated, keeping a constant water depth in basin as 0.14 m. The various parameters have been calculated, taking into account all four types of weather conditions for New Delhi using computing code developed in MATLAB-2015a. All equations and required data have been fed to the computing code for evaluating different relevant parameters. It has been concluded that the value of all types of annual efficiencies, except annual electrical efficiency, diminishes with increase in the value of m f at a selected value of N until m f = 0.10 kg/s and then becomes almost constant. Optimal values of N from annual overall exergy efficiency and annual overall thermal efficiency viewpoints have been found as four and ten respectively. © 2022 IWA Publishing. All rights reserved.

Water Supply

An investigation on effect of variation of mass flow rate and number of collectors on yearly efficiency of single slope solar still by incorporating N similar photovoltaic thermal flat plate collectors

This work investigates the effect of ultrafine-grain microstructure on the oxidation behavior of AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy (HEA). The ultrafine-grain microstructure is obtained using stationary friction processing performed at two different rotational speeds, 400 and 1800 rpm, for 5 min duration. Processed samples demonstrate high depth of refinement (DOR) and ultrafine grain size (0.43-1 μm) at high rotational speeds along with significant phase transformations from BCC/B2 to FCC microstructure. Further, surface free energy of the ultrafine-grain microstructure is enhanced up to 35%. Oxidation kinetics of the ultrafine-grained sample is decelerated up to 12-48% in a temperature range of 850-1050 °C for a duration of 100 h. Chromia and alumina were the predominant oxides formed in almost all the samples oxidized at elevated temperature. In addition, spinel Co(Cr,Fe)2O4/Fe(Co,Cr)2O4 formation is also detected in the unprocessed oxidized samples. Processed samples rich in grain boundaries (GBs) promote internal oxidation to form Al-rich inner oxides. The enhanced oxidation resistance of the processed samples is attributed to the microstructural refinement and homogenization resulting in the formation of protective chromia followed by Al-rich inner oxides. © 2022 American Chemical Society.

ACS Omega

Enhanced Oxidation Resistance of Ultrafine-Grain Microstructure AlCoCrFeNi High Entropy Alloy

The aim of this experimental study is to investigate the interaction between turbulent flow and a gravel-bed that mimics the actual roughness structures of a natural bed and its implication on sediment transport. In particular, the response of the Reynolds stresses and the role of intermittency to the bed roughness is the primary focus of the current study. To this end, the flow field, measured with an Acoustic–Doppler Velocimeter (ADV), is thoroughly examined, considering the conditional Reynolds shear stresses and the high-order structure functions of velocity. The study results show that the features and the roughness structure of the water-worked gravel-bed (WWGB) have a strong impact on bursting events. The reason for this is attributed to the flow layer above the crest in the WWGBs being primarily affected by sweep events rather than ejection events, although the latter events are prevalent in this flow layer in an immobile, man-made, gravel-bed. These coherent structures, which are primarily responsible for sediment transport, also are the key cause of the presence of an intermittency excess that breaks the Kolmogorov self-similarity hypothesis, leading to multi-fractal behavior of the velocity structure functions. © 2021 International Research and Training Centre on Erosion and Sedimentation / the World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research

Civil Engineering

International Journal of Sediment Research

Response of Reynolds stresses and scaling behavior of high-order structure functions to a water-worked gravel-bed surface and its implication on sediment transport

Density functional theory and molecular dynamic simulations were used to understand the microscopic-level interactions of pectin-based thin films with moisture (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and oxygen (O2). Galacturonic acid (GA), which forms ~65% of the smooth region of pectin polymer, was chosen for the current study. The electrostatic potential and Fukui function maps indicate that oxygen atoms of –OH groups of GA are the most reactive sites for electrophilic attack and hydrogen atoms on the carboxylic group (–COOH) are the reactive sites for nucleophilic attack. The GA molecule has shown strong interaction via hydrogen bonding with H2O (E= ~ 40 kJ/mol) followed by CO2 (E = ~ −13 kJ/mol). Nucleophilic O2 showed insignificant interaction with GA. Surface interaction, adsorption, and diffusion of sorbate molecules on the GA film followed the order of H2O &gt;CO2 &gt; O2. Molecular interaction studies provided atomistic insights into the weak moisture and high gas barrier properties of pectin films. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.