(SoE) School of Engineering

<p>Shiv Nadar University is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, research-focused, and student-centric University offering a full range of academic programs at the undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral level. With state-of-the-art infrastructure, the University comprises of academic wings, sophisticated labs, international standard sports facilities, amphitheaters, auditorium, conference rooms and smart classrooms. The University&rsquo;s goal is to become internationally recognized for the quality of its research and creative endeavors and their applicability to improving quality of life, generating new insights and expanding the boundaries of human knowledge creativity. Committed to excellence in teaching, research and service, the University aims to serve the higher education needs of India and the world beyond.</p>

Shiv Nadar University

In this paper, we propose the application of probabilistic neural networks (PNNs) to the classification scheme of demonstrative pronouns for indirect anaphora in Hindi corpus. The Demonstrative Pronouns in Hindi, "yeh"(this/it), "veh"(that/those), "iss"(this/it), and "uss"(that/those) can be personal or demonstrative. The differentiation can be ascertained from only the situation or the context. The case marking of pronouns further add the constraints on linguistic patterns. We propose to cast such an anaphora as a semantic inference process, which encompasses several salient linguistic characteristic features such as grammatical role, proximity, syntactic category and semantic cues. Our focus of study is demonstrative pronouns without noun phrase antecedent in Hindi written corpus. We analyzed 313 news items having 3890 sentences, 3101 pronouns, of which 608 instances covered those demonstrative pronouns, which had 183 instances with non-NP-antecedents. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated through set of simulations and evaluations. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

World University root node

Computer Science and Engineering

Expert Systems with Applications

Probabilistic neural network approach to the classification of demonstrative pronouns for indirect anaphora in Hindi

An ascorbate oxidase (EC 1.10.3.3) purified from Lagenaria siceraria fruit was immobilized onto egg shell membrane through glutaraldehyde coupling with 73.3% retention of its initial activity and a conjugation yield of 0.097 mg/cm2. The membrane consisting of ascorbate oxidase was mounted over an Au electrode to construct a working electrode for ascorbate biosensor. The biosensor showed optimum response i.e. current in mA within 10 s at pH 6.0, 40 °C and 0.6 V using Ag/AgCl reference and Cu wire as auxiliary electrode. There was a linear relationship between l-ascorbic acid concentration in the range 1 × 10-5 M and 4 × 10-4 M and current. The biosensor was employed for determination of l- ascorbic acid in serum, fruit juices and vitamin C tablets. The analytical recovery of added ascorbate in sera was 98.2% and 96.7%. Within batch and between batch coefficients of variations (CV) in ascorbate of sera were &lt;3.6% and &lt;4.49% respectively. l-Ascorbate values obtained for fruit juices and vitamin C tablets by present method and by DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) method, showed a good correlation (r = 0.993). The biosensor has advantages such as fast response time (10 s), good repeatability (200 assays) and long-term stability (50% of its initial sensitivity after 4 months of storage). © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical Engineering

Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic

Fabrication of an amperometric ascorbate biosensor using egg shell membrane bound Lagenaria siceraria fruit ascorbate oxidase

A series of 16-membered macrocyclic complexes of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) of the type [M(H2Cy1-4)] have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of spectral, magnetic and conductivity studies. The macrocyclic ligands H4Cy1-4 are tetrabasic having four imido hydrogen but behave in a dibasic manner. Out of eight nitrogens, four imido and four imino, ligands utilize four imido nitrogens for square planar coordination forming four 7:5:7:5 chelate rings giving rise to a 16 membered macrocyclic framework. The red coloured nickel(II) complexes are diamagnetic in nature, whereas cobalt(II) complexes with chocolate brown colour are of low spin type. Low molar conductivity values in the range 3-7 ohm-1 cm2 mol-1 suggest complexes to be non-electrolytic in nature. High dilute conditions generally employed in the synthesis of macrocyclic complexes in order to dispense with polymerization reaction have been avoided in the present study and advantage of orientation effect has been taken to have high yield.

Asian Journal of Chemistry

Metal dihydrazide precursors as building blocks for new macrocyclic architectures with tetradentate octaaza dibasic ligands

This study investigated the thermal degradation energy (activation energy, Ea) for nitrocellulose (NC) with low nitrogen content of 11.71 mass%, so-called NC3, by using two different kinds of thermal analysis instruments: thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A comparison of Ea for various nitrogen content NC samples at two scanning rates (5 and 10 °C min-1) tested by TGA and DSC is also discussed in this paper. Meanwhile, our aim was to analyze the anti-degradation of Ea for NC with high nitrogen content, as so-called NC1. Thermal stability for NC1 with diphenylamine (DPA) was tested via DSC with 10 DPA concentrations in weights of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75, 2.0, and 3.0 mass%. Experimental results indicated that Ea of NC3s was 319.91 kJ mol-1. Moreover, that while dosing DPA into NC1 the best recipe could be employed to avoid any violent NC1 runaway and also can be used to distinguish the differences of thermal decomposition Ea between NC with different nitrogen contents. This study established a fast and efficient procedure for thermal decomposition properties of NC, and could be applied as an intrinsically safer design during relevant operations. © 2010 The Institution of Chemical Engineers.

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Comparisons of TGA and DSC approaches to evaluate nitrocellulose thermal degradation energy and stabilizer efficiencies

Correlations for bubble point pressure, solution gas-oil ratio (GOR), oil formation volume factor (OFVF) (for both saturated and undersaturated crude) and viscosity (for both saturated and undersaturated crude) have been developed for Indian (west coast) crude using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Detailed comparison has also been made with various important correlations currently available in the literature. Sensitivity analysis of the developed models was also performed to determine the relative importance of various input parameters. The training scheme used here is different from those used previously for developing ANN models. Bayesian regularization technique was used to ensure generalization and prevent over fitting. Also genetic algorithm (real coded with parent-centric crossover) was used coupled with a local optimizer (Marquardt-Levenberg) to obtain the global optimum network weights. It was found that the developed models outperformed most other existing correlations by giving significantly lower values of average absolute relative error for the parameters studied. This study shows highly favorable results which can be integrated in most reservoir modeling software. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

PVT correlations for Indian crude using artificial neural networks

Chemical process industries (CPI) handling hazardous chemicals in bulk can be attractive targets for deliberate adversarial actions by terrorists, criminals and disgruntled employees. It is therefore imperative to have comprehensive security risk management programme including effective security risk assessment techniques. In an earlier work, it has been shown that security risk assessment can be done by conducting threat and vulnerability analysis or by developing Security Risk Factor Table (SRFT). HAZOP type vulnerability assessment sheets can be developed that are scenario based. In SRFT model, important security risk bearing factors such as location, ownership, visibility, inventory, etc., have been used. In this paper, the earlier developed SRFT model has been modified using the concepts of fuzzy logic. In the modified SRFT model, two linguistic fuzzy scales (three-point and four-point) are devised based on trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Human subjectivity of different experts associated with previous SRFT model is tackled by mapping their scores to the newly devised fuzzy scale. Finally, the fuzzy score thus obtained is defuzzyfied to get the results. A test case of a refinery is used to explain the method and compared with the earlier work. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Journal of Hazardous Materials

Security risk assessment: Applying the concepts of fuzzy logic

This paper presents a MIMO two-way relaying scheme where the transceiver filter at the Relay Station (RS) processes the data using Recursive Least Square (RLS) technique based on Inverse QR (IQR) algorithm. The relaying technique used is Amplify and Forward scheme (AF). The channel is assumed to be frequency selective and the Channel State Information (CSI) is available only at the RS. So the transmit and receive processing are both done at the RS. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is used so as to combat the Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) occurring due to the frequency selectivity of the channel. The performance of the IQR-RLS algorithm is verified by comparing its Mean-Square error performance (MSE) with that of a transceiver filter based on Normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS) algorithm. ©2010 IEEE.

Electrical Engineering

Proceedings - 2010 2nd UK-India-IDRC International Workshop on Cognitive Wireless Systems, UKIWCWS 2010

An IQR-RLS based transceiver filter for MIMO two-way relaying in frequency selective environment

In this paper, we propose a learning based approach for alias minimization of 1-D signals. Given an under-sampled test speech signal and a training set consisting of several speech signals each of which are under-sampled as well as sampled at greater than Nyquist rate, we estimate the non-aliased frequencies for the test signal using the training set. The learning of non-aliased frequencies corresponds to estimating them using a training set. The test signal and each of the under-sampled training set signal are first interpolated to the size of The non-aliased signals. They are then divided into a number of segments and discrete cosine transform (DCT) is computed for each segment. Assuming that the lower frequencies are non-aliased and minimally distorted, we replace the aliased DCT coefficients of the test signal with the best search from the training set. The non-aliased test signal is then re-constructed by taking the inverse DCT. The comparison with the standard interpolation technique in terms of both subjective and quantitative analysis indicates better performance. © 2010 IEEE.

Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems

Alias minimization of 1-D signals using DCT based learning

In this paper, A novel method for OFDM-MIMO channel estimation using QR-RLS(Square Root-Recursive Least Square) estimator is presented. Preamble aided channel estimation is performed in time-domain, estimated channel is then used for data detection during data transmission within that frame. The performance results are compared with wiener RLS channel estimator in terms of channel estimator MSE performance. Wiener based Standard-RLS estimator uses correlation matrix inverse for estimation and recursion, Correlation matrix may become singular under low noise/high correlated channels, results in round-off error. On the other hand, Square-Root estimator use QR-factorization of the correlation matrix and thus avoids square matrix inverse results in less computations as well as less roundoff error. The simulation results shows that square root QR-RLS estimator give better results in terms of Estimation error. © 2010 IEEE.

2010 6th Conference on Wireless Advanced, WiAD 2010

A novel training based QR-RLS channel estimator for MIMO OFDM systems

Semicarbazones of substituted benzaldehydes were synthesized and their effect on endogenous protein hydrolysis in liver homogenate was studied. It was found that p-nitrobenzaldehyde semicarbazone exerted maximum effect.