During an extensive survey of nurseries and plantations spread throughout the state, six species of Cylindrocladium were found to be associated with various diseases of Eucalyptus spp. C. quinque‐septatum was the dominant species followed by C. ilicicola, C. floridanum, C. parvum, C. curvatum and C. scoparium. C. quinqueseptatum was isolated from the specimens collected throughout Kerala irrespective of host species or geographical location. However, other species had discernible spatial distribution with a narrow host range. C. floridanum and its perfect stage, Calonectria floridana and C. curvatum are reported for the first time on Eucalyptus in India. Copyright {\textcopyright} 1982, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved