Indian Railways is the fourth-largest railway network in the world by size, with 121, 407 kilometers of total track over a 67, 368-kilometre route. Mostly the railway tracks in India have joined by bolted and large welded joints, susceptible to derailment and fractures due to the longitudinal tensile stresses (hence strain) as the temperature falls below the distressing temperature. This problem caused from mechanical sources such as braking, rolling friction and wheel flanging on curves. Usually once them temperature varies anchoring temperature, causes the compressive and tensile stress in rail tracks and rail joints, more vulnerable to thermal buckling. This paper aims to characterize the in situ thermal stress detection for different rail and rail joints. The strain gauges were employed for strain monitor. This paper examines the potential of the strain gauges for in situ thermal stress levels for increasing temperature. For economical growing countries like India, railway infrastructure plays a critical role. The resistances were monitored for incremental thermal loading. © 2021 IEEE.