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Investigating the effects of episodic Super-cyclone 1999 and Phailin 2013 on hydro-meteorological parameters and agriculture: An application of remote sensing
Parida B.R., , Oinam B., Patel N.R., Sahoo R.N.
Published in Elsevier B.V.
2018
Volume: 10
   
Pages: 128 - 137
Abstract
The tropical cyclones (TCs) are often associated with unprecedented heavy rainfall, and have a pronounced impact over East coast states of India. This study has done comprehensive investigation on contribution of two episodic TCs rainfall to the annual rainfall using satellite based rainfall estimates from TMPA-3B42 (daily product), and rainfall data from India Meteorological Department (IMD) observations. We analyzed both rainfall distribution and inundation extent induced by two episodic severe cyclonic events (Super–cyclone 1999 and Phailin 2013), and assessed their impacts on hydro-meteorological parameters and agricultural productivity. Our findings suggest that rainfall originated from two episodic TCs significantly contributed to the annual rainfall, accounting for about 5–25\% over the coastal districts of Odisha state. Howbeit, it was subjected to underestimation owing to rainfall biases of TMPA-3B42 during TCs, which was evident when it was compared with IMD measurements. Along the TCs track, intense rainfall followed by peak discharge from the river basins caused substantial flooding and inundation of croplands over the coastal regions. The TC related rainfall, strong winds, and storm surges have diminished kharif season's agricultural production, as crops were submerged during these periods. Overall, the rice production has been diminished by 57\%, and this rice production even lowered by more than 70\% in some of the districts. Most severely affected districts (Ganjam, Puri, Cuttack, Jajpur, Bhadrak, Baleshwar) were located close to landfall, where croplands are dominating land use type. These results inferred that the isolated severe TCs could bring significant amount of rainfall, which would cause widespread impacts on agricultural activities. Finally, the findings of this unique study recommends that the satellite based rainfall estimate data can act as a valuable input for flood modeling and crop monitoring at different scales to alleviate hydro–meteorological and agricultural impacts. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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Published in Elsevier B.V.
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