Solar colletors of Flat Plate type is a thermal transfer device that absorbs solar radiation and converts it into heat, which is mainly used to increase the water temperature, heat and dryness, dryness of crops in the region, space heating and in industries where this hot fluid is required for many chemical reactions, and for applications requiring the temperature of the fluid to be less than 100°C. As non-renewable sources of energy are becoming depleted and will soon have the power crisis. So, referring to fatigue rates, we should use our entire renewable resources so that we can control the rate of decline. The main components of the flat plate air collector are, absorbing plate, top covering plate (glass cover), insulating material and channel pipes covered with insulating material. Absorber plates are covered with a high absorbent coating. The top cover should be made of a maximum transmittance. The effectiveness of the flat plate air collector is highly affected by the losses through the top covering material and also due to the low heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and the air flowing through it. Most of the experiments and studies have shown that efficiency can be increased by using different types of solar collector which include double pass, a single pass with fins etc. Based on the literature survey it has been found that most of the studies on the solar collector are done to increase its thermal efficiency by enhancing the rate heat transfer between air and the absorber plate by using rough surface on the absorber plate. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.